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Test ID: Vanillylmandelate (spot urine)
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Vanillylmandelate (spot urine)
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Vanillylmandelate (spot urine)
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Useful For
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The investigation of neuroblastoma
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Method name and description
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High performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection.
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Clinical information
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Vanillylmandelate is an end product of catecholamine metabolism and an increase in its excretion can be seen in catecholamine excess. Urine vanillylmandelate is best measured as part of the investigation for neuroblastomas, a type of paediatric tumour.
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Aliases
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Vanillylmandelic acid
VMA
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Specimen type / Specimen volume / Specimen container
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Specimen type: spot urine.
Specimen volume: 2 - 5 mL.
Specimen container: suitable plain urine collection container.
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Collection instructions / Special Precautions / Timing of collection
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Patient should not be under pressure or actions requiring great effort.
Patient should avoid the following for 48 hours before urine specimen collection:
Pineapple.
Banana.
Plums.
Tomatoes.
Walnuts.
Chocolate.
Vanilla.
Coffee.
Tea.
Soft drinks.
Spices as possible and absolutely to avoid Curry.
Patient should avoid smoking cigarettes during specimen collection.
Paracetamol can interact with assays and that cough medicines may contain sympathomimetic.
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Relevant clinical information to be provided
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Presenting clinical signs and symptoms
Relevant medications
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Storage and transport instructions
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Transport Temperature: 2 - 30 °C.
Storage Temperature: -18°C after add the preservative till the time for processing.
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Specimen Rejection Criteria
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Insufficient sample volume received.
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Biological reference intervals and clinical decision values
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Reference value of VMA/Creatinine:
| Age ( years) |
Reference values |
| 0 - 1 |
0 - 10.7 mmol/mol creatinine |
| 2 - 4 |
0 - 6.3 mmol/mol creatinine |
| 5 - 9 |
0 - 4.7 mmol/mol creatinine |
| 10 - 19 |
0 - 4.7 mmol/mol creatinine |
| > 19 |
0 - 3.1 mmol/mol creatinine |
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Factors affecting test performance and result interpretation
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Antihypertensive medications, acute stress, acute illness, obstructive sleep apnoea can all cause increases in urine vanillylmandelate excretion.
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Turnaround time / Days and times test performed / Specimen retention time
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Turnaround time: 5 working days.
Times test performed: Once a week.
Specimen retention time: 30 days
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