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Test ID: Bile Stain
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Bile Stain
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Useful For
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To demonstrate the presence of bilirubin in tissue and to distinguish bile pigments from other pigments found in tissue.
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Method name and description
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Bile stain is a specific and easily identifiable green color develops when bilirubin is oxidized to biliverdin in an acid medium. This oxidation reaction is rapidly accomplished by ferric chloride in trichloroacetic acid medium.
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Clinical information
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Excessive amounts of bile pigment in the liver may be found in cases of hepatic or
extrahepatic biliary obstruction.
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Specimen type / Specimen volume / Specimen container
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Specimen type: Any well-fixed tissue in 10% neutral buffered formalin.
Specimen volume/ Specimen container: Submit 3-4 µm paraffin embedded tissue section mounted on a clean glass slide.
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Storage and transport instructions
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- Slides are stored in slide box at room temperature.
- Follow your local regulation shipping guidelines.
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Specimen Rejection Criteria
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- Broken slides
- Unlabeled slides with patient/case identification
- Contaminated slides
- Slides/Paraffin blocks mismatch
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Factors affecting test performance and result interpretation
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- Specimen fixation. Well-fixed specimens can produce consistent chemical and physical characteristics in tissue sections which allows patterns to be observed, morphological and chemical changes to be noted and comparisons made. These observations allow view of a dynamic ever-changing environment “fixed” at a particular point in time and may enable a histopathological diagnosis.
- Paraffin section thickness. Microscopic analysis of cells and tissues requires the preparation of very thin, high quality sections (3-4 µm) mounted on a clean glass slides and appropriately stained to demonstrate normal and abnormal structures.
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Turnaround time / Days and times test performed / Specimen retention time
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Turnaround time: 3 hours
Days and times test performed: Once daily (Sunday to Thursday @0700-1500)
Note: Request received after 1100H will be run/stained the following working day.
Specimen retention time: 10 years
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